WORKSHOP PAPER
10µm Radiation Tolerant Global Shutter Pixel for Operation under High Ionizing Dose Rates of Gamma or X-ray Radiation
Pedro Santos1, Idham Hafizh1, Paul Leroux1, Guy Meynants1
1KU Leuven, Electronic Circuits and Systems (ECS), Geel Campus, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium

Abstract

A 10x10 µm² radiation-tolerant voltage domain global shutter pixel with radiation hardened by design (RHBD) devices modification is developed to operate under high ionizing dose rates and high total ionizing dose (TID) levels. The pixel design is demonstrated to operate up to 1MGy, 100Mrad (SiO2) TID, with minimal degradation. The global shutter pixel also includes correlated double sampling (CDS) to reduce noise and collected carriers generated by the flux of gamma or x-ray radiation. Combined with an external flash, global shutter operation allows short exposures, which limits the impact of radiation on dark current and dynamic range. The pixel is designed using 180nm CMOS Image Sensor (CIS) technology.
Year: 2025
Workshop: IISW
URL: https://doi.org/10.60928/dvdc-vkz4

Keywords

CMOS Image Sensors, Total Ionizing Dose (TID), Global Shutter, Xray,

References

1) E. Fossum, "CMOS image sensors: Electronic camera on a chip", Proceedings of International Electron Devices Meeting, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1109/iedm.1995.497174
2) G. Meynants, "Global shutter pixels with correlated double sampling for CMOS image sensors", Advanced Optical Technologies, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1515/aot-2012-0084
3) D. Meier, "Silicon Detector for a Compton Camera in Nuclear Medical Imaging", 2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2000.949368
4) Hugo Dewitte, "Ultra-High Total Ionizing Dose Effects on MOSFETs for Analog Applications", IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/tns.2021.3065842
5) W J. Snoeys, "A new NMOS layout structure for radiation", IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1109/tns.2002.801534
6) V. Goiffon, S. Rizzolo, F. Corbière, S. Rolando, S. Bounasser, "Total Ionizing Dose Effects on a Radiation-Hardened CMOS Image Sensor Demonstrator for ITER Remote Handling", IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/tns.2017.2765481
7) V. Goiffon, "Radiation Effects on CMOS Active Pixel Image Sensors", Ionizing Radiation Effects in Electronics: From Memories to Imagers, 2015
8) Z. Wang, Y. Xue, J. Liu, W. Chen, W. Ma, B. He, "Analysis of Image Lag Degradation in PPD CISs Induced by Total Ionizing Dose and Displacement Radiation Damage", 17th European Conference on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/radecs.2017.8696262
9) J.-M. Belloir, V. Lalucaa, C. Virmontois, A. Materne, C. Durnez, V. Bernard, A. Antonsanti, J. Krynski, "Radiation induced single events and cumulated dose effects on CMOS and InGaAs image sensors", RADiation Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS) 2024, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/radecs61975.2024.11017533