WORKSHOP PAPER
A 256 x 256 SPAD array with in-pixel Time to Amplitude Conversion for Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Luca Parmesan1,2, Neale A. W. Dutton1,2, Neil J. Calder2, Nikola Krstajić2, Andrew J. Holmes1, Lindsay A. Grant1, Robert K. Henderson2
1ST Microelectronics Imaging Division, Pinkhill, Edinburgh, EH12 7BF, UK,
2The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK,

Abstract

A high resolution Time Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) image sensor based on sample and hold Time to Amplitude Converter (TAC) pixels and a global ramp voltage is presented. The 256 × 256 array achieves an 8 µm Pixel Pitch (PP), 19.63 % Fill Factor (FF), output voltage range (0.7 V) and time jitter of 368 ps at 10 fps employing an off-chip 14-bit differential Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC). A column-parallel flash ADCis also implemented, allowing coarse 3-bin TCSPC histogramming at 4 kfps for video rate fluorescence lifetime imaging.
Publisher: IISS (Int. Image Sensors Society)
Year: 2015
Workshop: IISW
URL: https://doi.org/10.60928/rtc5-akao
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Keywords

SPAD, Single Photon Avalanche Diode, Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy,

References

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